The five most expensive drugs in the United States are released
[Hui Cong Pharmaceutical Industry Network] In January 2017, US President Donald Trump accused the pharmaceutical industry of "high price murder" and promised to take measures against it.
A government survey in 2017 found that Americans have almost doubled their prescription drugs since the 1990s, meaning that US spending accounts for the majority of high-income countries. According to the data from the prescription website GoodRx, the price of medicines on the list has increased by 6% in the past 12 months alone. The price of medical insurance drugs soared to 10 times the inflation rate.
Americans don't always spend the most money. In the 1980s, most countries spent an average of their costs. But according to the 2017 analysis of the Commonwealth Fund, in the 1990s, US spending growth was even faster. Part of the reason is that several expensive specialty drugs are on the market, and pharmaceutical companies can set prices in the US, which is different from Europe, where prices can be controlled.
Americans usually pay more for the same drugs than other countries.
Why is the price so high?
According to statistics from the IQVIAS Institute for Human Data Sciences, a generic version of these drugs can reduce costs and now account for 90% of prescriptions. According to a study published in the May 8 issue of Health Affairs, a drug usually requires multiple general effects to make it cheaper.
Patients who can't afford the drug will pin their hopes on Trump.
StacieDusetzina, associate professor of cancer research at Vanderbilt University, said: "I think patients are seriously worried about drug pricing. In most cases, insurance benefits are not for those with insurance. Being generous means that patients tend to pay a lot of money, and even people may spend their money or lose their homes."
Modern medicine is often necessary to save lives, and pharmaceutical companies owe these costs to the high cost of manufacturing and the cost of approval from the US Food and Drug Administration.
“This is a myth that is popular in the pharmaceutical industry. The reason why drugs are so expensive is because the company is investing all of this money in research and development to discover new drugs in the future, but this is not true.†Harvard Medical School Medicine Professor Jerry Avorn said.
A 2015 study he co-signed found that dozens of drugs that change the rules of the game are not based on research by pharmaceutical companies, but on research by federally funded academic researchers.
“Making drugs affordable will not undermine innovation,†said Avorn, director of the Department of Drug Epidemiology and Pharmaceutical Economics at the Medical Center of Bregen and Women's Hospital.
“Because the company sets the price to any price the market can afford, it’s not surprising that most for-profit companies want shareholders to get the highest price,†Dusetzina said. “This is just the market. Rational actor."
The pharmaceutical industry group PRRMA did not respond to requests for comment.
Highest price tag
Most patients with common diseases are uncomfortable with the cost of the drug, but the most expensive drugs can usually treat rare diseases. For example, it can cure a small number of drugs that afflict 3.5 million Americans with hepatitis C. Although these drugs are expensive, the treatment takes only a short time.
However, the drugs taken by patients cost tens of thousands of dollars per month. Manufacturers offer coupons and set up non-profit organizations to help patients pay part of the cost, but not all patients have this qualification, Dusetzina said. Duzetzina pointed out that ReimLID can treat blood cancer, cost about $20,000, and can provide 30 days of medication. The project's prescription program is a medical insurance D part of the patient, paying a 5% price, about $1,000/month, plus a $5,000 co-payment.
The price of some drugs is close to the $1 million mark, including a gene therapy, Luxturna, which restores the vision of children with rare retinal diseases at a price of $850,000. A drug for the treatment of hemophilia B, SPK-9001, is undergoing an approval process and is expected to cost $1.5 million. GoodRx, which tracks drug prices, ranks the most expensive drugs available to outpatients based on the wholesale purchase cost typically used by typical patients in a typical case within a month. But this is not necessarily the price you have to pay, because the intermediate link before you use the medicine may increase the cost, but it also shows how expensive the expensive drugs are.
Here are the five most expensive drugs in the United States:
1.Actimmune: about $52321.80 per month
Actimmune is used to promote the immune system of chronic granulomatous disease. It can also slow malignant bone sclerosis, a rare osteopetrosis.
Chronic granulomatous disease is a rare genetic disease that affects immune cells and prevents the body from effectively fighting infection. People with this disease usually have a serious bacterial or fungal infection every 3-4 years. According to data from the National Institutes of Health, the prevalence of the disease worldwide is about 1/200,000 to 1/25,500.
Actimmune's manufacturer HorizonPharma spokesperson Matt Flesch said in a statement that wholesale procurement costs "do not accurately reflect costs," and many variables and "coverage complexity" will affect prices. Flesch said the average monthly net price was $24,000.
Flesch said: "More than 500 patients with two extremely rare, life-threatening conditions are using Actimmune, and we have the appropriate assistance so that these patients can receive the drug regardless of their ability to pay.
2.Daraprim: about $45,000 a month
Daraprim is an antiparasitic drug for the treatment of toxoplasmosis, an infection caused by one of the most common parasites in the world. According to data from the Center for Disease Control, more than 60 million Americans may have contracted it, but people with a healthy immune system have few symptoms. People with impaired immune systems and pregnant women may experience serious reactions such as brain disease, blindness or miscarriage.
Pharmaceutical manufacturer Vyera Pharmaceuticals, formerly known as Turing Pharmaceuticals, faced a problem raised by Congress when its former CEO raised Daraprim's drug price from $13.50 to $750. Although the company is facing a review, the price remains high. CurtisJackson, a pharmaceutical investor who asked Vyera, said that inventing a drug would cost about $1 billion. Daraprim was created in 1952, so the money it now brings is not used to pay for its current development, but is used to create new versions.
"The hope is that three years later, when another version is approved, we won't need it anymore," Jackson said. The current version is "very toxic," and many doctors won't use it.
He said that Vyera donated 60% of the produced Daraprim and offered it to the hospital at half price. He also noted that acute treatments for Daraprim patients typically last six weeks or less.
3.Cinryze: costs about $44,140.64 per month
Cinryze is a C1 inhibitor used to prevent seizures in patients with hereditary angioedema. The incidence of this rare disease is between 1/10,000 and 50,000. It may cause swelling of the skin, mucous membranes or both, affecting the upper respiratory tract and the gastrointestinal tract, and may be fatal.
Pharmaceutical manufacturer ShirePLC said in a statement: "Shire is committed to responsibly pricing our products to reflect their value and helping patients achieve purchases. If treatment is meaningful to the patient's life, if it meets those high Demand, ability to create value, our products are commensurate with our value, and this approach allows us to continue investing and developing innovative therapies for rare diseases."
4.Chenodal: costs about $42,570 a month
Chenodal is a tablet that helps a small number of patients with high risk of gallstone surgery. Gallstones can block the gallbladder duct and can cause severe pain.
The drug was manufactured by Retrophin and the company did not respond to requests for comment.
5.Myalept: costs about $42,137.60 per month
Myalept is an injection that helps patients with leptin deficiency, a rare disease. According to data from the National Institutes of Health, only a few dozen cases have been reported in the medical literature. Leptin is an important hormone that helps regulate metabolism. There is little or no fat tissue in patients with systemic lipodystrophy. This medicine can lower triglycerides, blood sugar and A1C levels.
Editor in charge: Yang Manman
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